Bharat International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
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BIJHSS
BIJHSS Bharat International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
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Research Article

Education and social inequality in contemporary Brazil: a critical review of public policies

Ana Paula Ferreira*1; Carlos Eduardo Lima2
1. Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Faculdade de Educação, Brazil. Email: ana.ferreira@example.org
2. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Instituto de Ciências Sociais, Brazil.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.00000/bijhss.2026.000001
Keywords: Education Social inequality Public policy Brazil Sociology of education
Received2026-05-10
Revised2026-05-28
Accepted2026-09-22
Published2026-11-05

Abstract

This article offers a critical review of the main public policies aimed at reducing educational inequality in Brazil over the last two decades. Drawing on official data and on the specialised literature, it examines how programmes for access, permanence and quality of basic and higher education have affected students from different social, racial and regional backgrounds.

The analysis shows significant progress in expanding access, but also persistent gaps in learning outcomes and completion rates.

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Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Funding Information
The authors received no external funding for this study.

References

[1] Author, A. (2018). Title of the first reference work. Journal Name, 12(3): 45-67.

[2] Author, B.; Author, C. (2020). Title of a book on education and society. Publisher, City.

[3] Author, D. (2021). Title of a chapter. In: Editor, E. (Ed.), Title of the edited book. Publisher, City, 101-120.

[4] Author, F. et al. (2022). Title of a research article on public policy. Journal Name, 8: 210-232.